一、复数

1．一般情况，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives

5．不规则名词复数：

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

不可数名词的复数就是原型：paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

二、名词的格式

(1)有生命的东西的名词所有格：

a)单数后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt

b)以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’如: his friends’bags

c)不以s 结尾的复数后加 ’s children’s shoes

l并列名词中，如果把 ’s加在最后一个名词后，表示共有, 如:

Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车

l要表示所有物不是共有的，应分别在并列名词后加’s

Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“of ＋名词”来表示所有关系：如:a picture of the classroom a map of China

(情态)动词can,must, should 后面直接用动词原形。

eg:

1. I / He / She / They can sing.

2．You should keep quiet in the library.

四种简单时态：

一般现在时：I play football.

一般将来时：be going to…/…will …句型: I am going to go to school.

(打算、将要) It will be windy in Beijing.

一般过去时：I bought you a book. We went to the park yesterday.

现在进行时：be+动词ing 句型：I am doing my homework.

特殊问句

Do you …? ( Does he/she …? ) Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. ( Yes’he does. / No, he doesn’t. )

Have you got …? ( Has he got ? ) Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. ( Yes’he has. / No, he hasn’t. )

Can you …? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.

Is there a book? Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.